The three Art Deco buildings are collectively known as the Landmark Office Towers Complex and were completed in 1929. Three other office buildings, the Medical Arts Building, Builders Exchange Building, and Midland Building, were built in addition to the Terminal Tower. From its completion until 1964, the Terminal Tower was the tallest building in North America outside of New York City. The Terminal Tower opened to its first tenants in 1928. At the time, it was the second-largest excavation project in the world after the Panama Canal. Construction began in 1926, and structural work was completed by 1927. Site preparation began in 1922, and approximately 2,200 buildings were demolished. The complex was designed by the firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White.

They even acquired right-of-way for some of the lines. The Van Sweringen brothers envisioned a network of interurban lines extending from the CUT in all directions. The portion of the station above the interurban tracks was called the Traction Concourse and the portion above the intercity train tracks was called the Steam Concourse. When Cleveland Union Terminal was built, the train station allocated the northern set of tracks for interurban or rapid transit service and the southern set of tracks for inter-city rail service. The center of the complex was Cleveland Union Terminal (CUT), a terminal for all trains coming into Cleveland via the various railroad lines in a concept similar to Grand Central Terminal in New York City. The building complex was originally commissioned by the Van Sweringen brothers, prominent local railroad moguls and real estate developers.

On March 17, 1976, the complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The structure was built in 1929 as Cleveland Union Terminal. The facility is composed of a number of interconnected office buildings, including Terminal Tower, the Skylight Park mixed-use shopping center, Jack Cleveland Casino, Renaissance Cleveland Hotel, Chase Financial Plaza, and Tower City station, the main hub of Cleveland's four RTA Rapid Transit lines. Tower City Center is a large mixed-use facility in Downtown Cleveland, Ohio, on its Public Square. Inside the main shopping concourse in 2023 Graham, Anderson, Probst & White Walker & Weeks

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